The American Antinuclear Movement
Paul Rubinson
Spanning countries across the globe, the antinuclear movement was the combined effort of millions of people to challenge the superpowers’ reliance on nuclear weapons during the Cold War. ...
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American Foreign Policy and the Space Race
Teasel Muir-Harmony
The Soviet Union’s successful launch of the first artificial satellite Sputnik 1 on October 4, 1957, captured global attention and achieved the initial victory in what would soon become ...
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Childbirth and Breastfeeding in 20th-Century America
Jessica Martucci
By the end of the 19th century, the medical specialties of gynecology and obstetrics established a new trend in women’s healthcare. In the 20th century, more and more American mothers gave ...
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Energy in American History
Aaron Sachs
Energy systems have played a significant role in U.S. history; some scholars claim that they have determined a number of other developments. From the colonial period to the present, ...
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The Environment in the Atomic Age
Rachel Rothschild
The development of nuclear technology had a profound influence on the global environment following the Second World War, with ramifications for scientific research, the modern ...
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Food in 19th-Century American Cities
Cindy R. Lobel
Over the course of the 19th century, American cities developed from small seaports and trading posts to large metropolises. Not surprisingly, foodways and other areas of daily life changed ...
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Infrastructure: Mass Transit in 19th- and 20th-Century Urban America
Jay Young
Mass transit has been part of the urban scene in the United States since the early 19th century. Regular steam ferry service began in New York City in the early 1810s and horse-drawn ...
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Infrastructure: Water and Sewers
Joel A. Tarr
Urban water supply and sewage disposal facilities are critical parts of the urban infrastructure. They have enabled cities and their metropolitan areas to function as centers of commerce, ...
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Nuclear Arms Control in U.S. Foreign Policy
Jonathan Hunt
The development of military arms harnessing nuclear energy for mass destruction has inspired continual efforts to control them. Since 1945, the United States, the Soviet Union, the United ...
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The Panama Canal and the United States
Michael E. Donoghue
The United States’ construction and operation of the Panama Canal began as an idea and developed into a reality after prolonged diplomatic machinations to acquire the rights to build the ...
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